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过硫酸盐诱导的缺陷氮化碳中三配位氮（N3Csub>）空位增强光催化产过氧化氢 Article

缪蔚, 王奕杰, 刘莹, 秦贺贺, 褚成成, 毛舜

《工程（英文）》 2023年第25卷第6期页码 214-221 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.12.016

摘要：然而，由于g-C3sub>N4sub>中不同类型的氮空位对光催化活性的影响方式不同，氮空位的光催化作用机制尚不清楚。在此，本文提出了一种简便的过硫酸钠共晶聚合方法，制备了具有丰富三配位氮空位（N3Csub>）的g-C3sub>N4sub>。本研究的结果表明，在g-C3sub>N4sub>中引入N3Csub>空位可以成功地拓宽光吸收范围，抑制光激发电荷的重组，增强O2sub>的吸附和活化富含N3Csub>空位的g-C3sub>N4sub>的光催化过氧化氢产量是原始g-C3sub>N4sub>的4.5倍。本研究提出了在g-C3sub>N4sub>中引入N3Csub>空位的新策略，为开发光催化产过氧化氢的活性催化剂提供了一种新方法。

关键词：氮化碳 N3Csub>空位过氧化氢光催化过硫酸盐

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Recent advances in special morphologic photocatalysts for NO removal

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第11期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1573-0

摘要：

● Systematic information of recent progress in photocatalytic NO_x removal is provided.

关键词： NO_x removal Photocatalyst Graphene C₃N₄ Bi-based compounds.

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Rh2sub>O3sub>/hexagonal CePO4sub> nanocatalysts for N2sub>O decomposition

Huan Liu, Zhen Ma

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第4期页码 586-593 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1659-6

摘要： Hexagonal CePO nanorods were prepared by a precipitation method and hexagonal CePO nanowires were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis at 150 °C. Rh(NO ) was then used as a precursor for the impregnation of Rh O onto these CePO materials. The Rh O supported on the CePO nanowires was much more active for the catalytic decomposition of N O than the Rh O supported on CePO nanorods. The stability of both catalysts as a function of time on stream was studied and the influence of the co-feed (CO , O , H O or O /H O) on the N O decomposition was also investigated. The samples were characterized by N adsorption-desorption, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron microscopy, hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction, oxygen temperature-programmed desorption, and CO temperature-programmed desorption in order to correlate the physicochemical and catalytic properties.

关键词： Rh₂O₃ CePO₄ N₂O decomposition

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Tuning nitrogen defects and doping sulfur in carbon nitride for enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第1期页码 93-101 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2175-x

摘要： Defect construction and heteroatom doping are effective strategies for improving photocatalytic activity of carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄). In this work, N defects were successfully prepared via cold plasma. High-energy electrons generated by plasma can produce N defects and embed sulfur atoms into g-C₃N₄. The N defects obviously promoted photocatalytic degradation performance that was 7.5 times higher than that of pure g-C₃N₄. The concentration of N defects can be tuned by different power and time of plasma. With the increase in N defects, the photocatalytic activity showed a volcanic trend. The g-C₃N₄ with moderate concentration of N defects exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity. S-doped g-C₃N₄ exhibited 11.25 times higher photocatalytic activity than pure g-C₃N₄. It provided extra active sites for photocatalytic reaction and improved stability of N defects. The N vacancy-enriched and S-doped g-C₃N₄ are beneficial for widening absorption edge and improving the separation efficiency of electron and holes.

关键词： g-C₃N₄ nitrogen defect sulfur doping photodegradation plasma

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g-CN-coated MnO hollow nanorod cathode for stable aqueous Zn-ion batteries

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第2期页码 217-225 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2214-7

摘要： Aqueous zinc-ion batteries are attracting considerable attention because of their high safety compared with conventional lithium-ion batteries. Manganese-based materials have been widely developed for zinc-ion batteries cathode owning to their low cost, high security and simple preparation. However, the severe volume expansion and poor stability during charging and discharging limit the further development of manganese-based cathodes. Herein, superior α-MnO₂@g-C₃N₄ was successfully prepared for stable zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) cathode by introducing g-C₃N₄ nanosheets. Compared with pure α-MnO₂, α-MnO₂@g-C₃N₄ has a specific capacity of 298 mAh·g^–1 at 0.1 A·g^–1. Even at 1 A·g^–1, the α-MnO₂@g-C₃N₄ still retains 100 mAh·g^–1 (83.4% retention after 5000 cycles), implying its excellent cycling stability. The α-MnO₂@g-C₃N₄-based cathode has the highest energy density (563 Wh·kg^–1) and power energy density (2170 W·kg^–1). This work provides new avenues for the development of a wider range of cathode materials for ZIBs.

关键词： α-MnO₂ hollow nanorods g-C₃N₄ heterojunction aqueous Zn-ion batteries

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Pd/Fe3O4 supported on bio-waste derived cellulosic-carbon as a nanocatalyst for C–C coupling and electrocatalytic

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第10期页码 1514-1525 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2158-y

摘要： The current work describes the synthesis of a new bio-waste derived cellulosic-carbon supported-palladium nanoparticles enriched magnetic nanocatalyst (Pd/Fe₃O₄@C) using a simple multi-step process under aerobic conditions. Under mild reaction conditions, the Pd/Fe₃O₄@C magnetic nanocatalyst demonstrated excellent catalytic activity in the Hiyama cross-coupling reaction for a variety of substrates. Also, the Pd/Fe₃O₄@C magnetic nanocatalyst exhibited excellent catalytic activity up to five recycles without significant catalytic activity loss in the Hiyama cross-coupling reaction. Also, we explored the use of Pd/Fe₃O₄@C magnetic nanocatalyst as an electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction. Interestingly, the Pd/Fe₃O₄@C magnetic nanocatalyst exhibited better electrochemical activity compared to bare carbon and magnetite (Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles) with an overpotential of 293 mV at a current density of 10 mA·cm^–2.

关键词： bio-waste cellulosic-carbon Pd/Fe₃O₄ Hiyama cross-coupling hydrogen evolution reaction recyclability

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New insight into effect of potential on degradation of Fe-N-C catalyst for ORR

Yanyan GAO, Manman QI, Liang HE, Haiping CHEN, Wenzhe LUO, Ming HOU, Zhigang SHAO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第2期页码 421-430 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0727-2

摘要： In recent years, Fe-N-C catalyst is particularly attractive due to its high oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity and low cost for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). However, the durability problems still pose challenge to the application of Fe-N-C catalyst. Although considerable work has been done to investigate the degradation mechanisms of Fe-N-C catalyst, most of them are simply focused on the active-site decay, the carbon oxidation, and the demetalation problems. In fact, the 2e pathway in the ORR process of Fe-N-C catalyst would result in the formation of H O , which is proved to be a key degradation source. In this paper, a new insight into the effect of potential on degradation of Fe-N-C catalyst was provided by quantifying the H O intermediate. In this case, stability tests were conducted by the potential-static method in O saturated 0.1 mol/L HClO . During the tests, H O was quantified by rotating ring disk electrode (RRDE). The results show that compared with the loading voltage of 0.4 V, 0.8 V, and 1.0 V, the catalysts being kept at 0.6 V exhibit a highest H O yield. It is found that it is the combined effect of electrochemical oxidation and chemical oxidation (by aggressive radicals like H O /radicals) that triggered the highest H O release rate, with the latter as the major cause.

关键词： proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) Fe-N-C catalyst potential H₂O₂ degradation

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NiCo2O4@quinone-rich N–C core–shell nanowires as composite electrode for electric double layer capacitor

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第4期页码 373-386 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2223-6

摘要： The bind-free carbon cloth-supported electrodes hold the promises for high-performance electrochemical capacitors with high specific capacitance and good cyclic stability. Considering the close connection between their performance and the amount of carbon material loaded on the electrodes, in this work, NiCo₂O₄ nanowires were firstly grown on the substrate of active carbon cloth to provide the necessary surface area in the longitudinal direction. Then, the quinone-rich nitrogen-doped carbon shell structure was formed around NiCo₂O₄ nanowires, and the obtained composite was used as electrode for electric double layer capacitor. The results showed that the composite electrode displayed an area-specific capacitance of 1794 mF∙cm^–2 at the current density of 1 mA∙cm^–2. The assembled symmetric electric double layer capacitor achieved a high energy density of 6.55 mW∙h∙cm^–3 at a power density of 180 mW∙cm^–3. The assembled symmetric capacitor exhibited a capacitance retention of 88.96% after 10000 charge/discharge cycles at the current density of 20 mA∙cm^–2. These results indicated the potentials in the preparation of the carbon electrode materials with high energy density and good cycling stability.

关键词： carbon cloth NiCo₂O₄ nanowires core−shell structure quinone-rich electric double layer capacitor

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Preparation and lithium storage performances of g-C

Zhengxu BIAN, Zehua TANG, Jinfeng XIE, Junhao ZHANG, Xingmei GUO, Yuanjun LIU, Aihua YUAN, Feng ZHANG, Qinghong KONG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第4期页码 759-766 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0810-0

摘要： As the anode material of lithium-ion battery, silicon-based materials have a high theoretical capacity, but their volume changes greatly in the charging and discharging process. To ameliorate the volume expansion issue of silicon-based anode materials, g-C N /Si nanocomposites are prepared by using the magnesium thermal reduction technique. It is well known that g-C N /Si nanocomposites can not only improve the electronic transmission ability, but also ameliorate the physical properties of the material for adapting the stress and strain caused by the volume expansion of silicon in the lithiation and delithiation process. When g-C N /Si electrode is evaluated, the initial discharge capacity of g-C N /Si nanocomposites is as high as 1033.3 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g, and its reversible capacity is maintained at 548 mAh/g after 400 cycles. Meanwhile, the improved rate capability is achieved with a relatively high reversible specific capacity of 218 mAh/g at 2.0 A/g. The superior lithium storage performances benefit from the unique g-C N /Si nanostructure, which improves electroconductivity, reduces volume expansion, and accelerates lithium-ion transmission compared to pure silicon.

关键词： magnesium thermal reduction g-C₃N₄/Si nanocomposites volume expansion electroconductivity lithium-ion battery

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ThMn12sub>型永磁合金 Review

G.C. Hadjipanayis, A.M. Gabay, A.M. Schönhöbel, A. Martín-Cid, J.M. Barandiaran, D. Niarchos

《工程（英文）》 2020年第6卷第2期页码 140-146 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.12.011

摘要：

具有四方ThMn12sub>型结构的富铁化合物有潜力满足当下人们对于高磁能积、工作温度为150~200 ℃的贫稀土永磁体的需求。近年来，随着以含少量结构稳定元素（如SmFe11sub>V或Sm0.8sub>Zr0.2sub>Fe9.2sub>Co2.3sub>Ti0.5sub>）或者不含该类元素的材料（如SmFe9.6sub>Co2.4sub>薄膜）为基础所合成的具有优异内禀磁性化合物研究的突破，这一差距进一步扩大。,Sm)(Fe,Ti)12sub>合金中也可以实现。机械化学合成的(Sm,Zr)(Fe,Si)12sub>和(Sm,Zr)(Fe,Co,Ti)12sub>粉末可能适合烧结成具有高强度的全致密磁体，尽管在此之前，两者都已开发出较高的各向异性

关键词：永磁体，稀土永磁体，ThMn 12 sub>结构

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结构功能一体化的高性能陶瓷材料的研究与开发

江东亮

《中国工程科学》 2003年第5卷第2期页码 35-39

摘要：低成本制备等要求出发, 并就现有高性能陶瓷材料的基本性能和材料制备工艺上的优缺点进行了分析；简要介绍了碳化硅(SiC)陶瓷、添加Nd的钇铝石榴子石(Nd-YAG)陶瓷、掺有稀土的氮化硅(RE-Si3sub>N4sub>)陶瓷等几种具有结构和功能一体化高性能陶瓷材料的优良性能,可能的应用以及目前存在的问题,特别是在基础研究和制备科学上今后应予以关注的方面。

关键词：结构和功能一体化高性能陶瓷碳化硅 Nd-YAG RE-Si3sub>N4sub>

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Inexpensive synthesis of a high-performance Fe

Nadir Abbas, Godlisten N. Shao, Syed M. Imran, Muhammad S. Haider, Hee Taik Kim

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第3期页码 405-416 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1579-x

摘要： A sol-gel technique has been developed for the synthesis of a magnetite-silica-titania (Fe O -SiO -TiO ) tertiary nanocomposite with improved photocatalytic properties based on the use of inexpensive titania and silica precursors. The exceptional photocatalytic activity of the resulting materials was demonstrated by using them to photocatalyze the degradation of methylene blue solution. The best formulation achieved 98% methylene blue degradation. An interesting feature of the present work was the ability to magnetically separate and reuse the catalyst. The efficiency of the catalyst remained high during two reuses. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, ultra-violet-visible spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. XRD analysis revealed the formation of multicrystalline systems of cubic magnetite and anatase titania crystals. SEM and TEM characterization revealed well-developed and homogeneously dispersed particles of size less than 15 nm. FTIR spectra confirmed the chemical interaction of titania and silica. It was further noticed that the optical properties of the prepared materials were dependent on the relative contents of their constituent metal oxides.

关键词： sol-gel photocatalysis magnetic recovery TiO₂ Fe₃O₄ SiO₂

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Greenhouse gas emissions during co-composting of cattle feedlot manure with construction and demolition (C&

Xiying Hao, Francis J. Larney

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0955-1

摘要： Manure management strategies should reflect current animal feeding practices and encourage recycling of organic waste to help protect our environment. This research investigated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during cattle manure stockpiling or composting with and without construction and demolition (C&D) waste. Manure was collected from cattle fed a typical finishing diet (CK manure) and from cattle on diets which included 30% dried distillers grains with solubles (DG manure). The CK and DG manures were co-composted with (4:1) C&D waste (treatments: CK_CD DG_CD), composted alone (treatments: CK and DG) in 13 m bins or stockpiled without C&D waste (treatments: CK_ST and DG_ST) for 99 days. Manure type (CK vs. DG manure) had no effect on GHG emissions over the 99 day manure composting or stockpiling. Composting with C&D waste produced similar CO emissions, about double that from manure stockpiling (7.0 kgC·m ). In contrast, CH emissions were reduced by the inclusion of C&D waste (64 gC·m with C&D vs. 244 gC·m without C&D) while the manure stockpile emitted the greatest amount of CH (464 gC·m ). Additionally, only 0.48% of C was emitted in CH form with C&D waste, compared to 1.68% when composting without C&D waste and 7.00% when cattle manure was stockpiled. The N O emissions (12.4 to 18.0 gN·m ) were similar across all treatments. The lower CH emissions with C&D waste are beneficial in reducing overall GHG emissions from manure composting, while reducing the amount of material entering landfills.

关键词： Livestock manure greenhouse gas flux straw bale compost bin N₂O CH₄ CO₂

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Non-thermal plasma for exhaust gases treatment

,Arturo COLÍN C.,Víctor SÁNCHEZ-MENDIETA,Ricardo VALDIVIA B.,Alfredo SANTANA D.,José HUERTAS C.

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第10卷第3期页码 301-305 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0344-z

摘要：

This article describes a study on a non-thermal plasma device to treat exhaust gases in an internal combustion engine. Several tests using a plasma device to treat exhaust gases are conducted on a Honda GX200-196 cm³ engine at different rotational speeds. A plasma reactor could be efficient in degrading nitrogen oxides and particulate matter. Monoxide and carbon dioxide treatment is minimal. However, achieving 1%–3% degradation may be interesting to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases.

关键词： plasma treatment NO_x CO CO₂ particulate matter vehicle

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Effects of Pd doping on N

Mingxin Dong, Jun Wang, Jinxin Zhu, Jianqiang Wang, Wulin Wang, Meiqing Shen

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0976-9

摘要： N O is a powerful greenhouse gas and plays an important role in destructing the ozone layer. This present work investigated the effects of Pd doping on N O formation over Pt/BaO/Al O catalyst. Three types of catalysts, Pt/BaO/Al O , Pt/Pd mechanical mixing catalyst (Pt/BaO/Al O +Pd/Al O ) and Pt-Pd co-impregnation catalyst (Pt-Pd/BaO/Al O ) were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation method. These catalysts were first evaluated in NSR activity tests using H /CO as reductants and then carefully characterized by BET, CO chemisorption, CO-DRIFTs and H -TPR techniques. In addition, temperature programmed reactions of NO with H /CO were conducted to obtain further information about N O formation mechanism. Compared with Pt/BaO/Al O , (Pt/BaO/Al O +Pd/Al O ) produced less N O and more NH during NO storage and reduction process, while an opposite trend was found over (Pt-Pd/BaO/Al O +Al O ). Temperature programmed reactions of NO with H /CO results showed that Pd/Al O component in (Pt/BaO/Al O +Pd/Al O ) played an important role in NO reduction to NH , and the formed NH could reduce NO to N leading to a decrease in N O formation. Most of N O formed over (Pt-Pd/BaO/Al O +Al O ) was originated from Pd/BaO/Al O component. H -TPR results indicated Pd-Ba interaction resulted in more difficult-to-reduce PdO species over Pd/BaO/Al O , which inhibits the NO dissociation and thus drives the selectivity to N O in NO reduction.

关键词： NO_x storage reduction Pt/BaO/Al₂O₃ Pd doping N₂O formation Optimization